Odd Inventions: The Early Smoke Mask That Preceded Modern Respirators

Long before the development of modern gas masks and firefighter respirators, inventors attempted to solve the deadly problem of smoke inhalation with a range of unusual devices. These early “smoke masks” were creative, sometimes bizarre, and often ineffective — but they represent important steps in the evolution of respiratory safety equipment.

The Need for Early Smoke Protection

During the 19th and early 20th centuries, industrial fires, mining accidents, and urban blazes posed significant threats. As cities expanded and buildings grew taller, smoke became a major hazard in emergencies. Inventors recognized this danger and began experimenting with wearable devices to help people breathe during fires.

Designs That Pushed Boundaries

Some early smoke masks used moistened sponges, tubes, or fabric filters. Others incorporated bellows, air tanks, or even chemical canisters to try to purify the air. While some of these ideas were grounded in science, others were more hopeful than practical.

Examples of Early Smoke Mask Designs

Inventor	Year	Key Features
Garrett Morgan	1912	Hood with long air intake tubes that dragged along the floor
John Stenhouse	1854	Charcoal filter cartridge mask; used for mining and chemical exposure
Lewis Haslett	1849	First U.S. patent for an air-purifying respirator using a nose-and-mouth filter

Public Perception and Marketing

These inventions were often marketed with bold